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教授 · 公开讲授一门学问并以此谋生的学者——从柏拉图学园到终身教职与 AI 助教,二十五世纪的教学与发现史。

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简短问答

Do you need a PhD to become a professor?

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How long does it take to become a professor?

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What is tenure, and why does it matter?

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What is the difference between assistant, associate and full professor?

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How much do professors earn?

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Do professors spend more time teaching or doing research?

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技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

The craft has an unusual property: almost nobody is formally taught it. Doctoral programs train research technique, but lecturing, supervising, reviewing and grant-writing are mostly absorbed by imitation. That is why the profession's accumulated know-how — the tricks veterans actually pass on — matters more here than in trades with formal apprenticeships, and why the best of it is worth writing down.

工作要求什么

959185767062
Disciplinary depth
95
Research design & original inquiry
91
Academic writing & publishing
85
Teaching & explanation
76
Mentorship & supervision
70
Grant-winning & academic politics
62

Disciplinary depth

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

Research design & original inquiry

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

Academic writing & publishing

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

Teaching & explanation

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

Mentorship & supervision

Guiding doctoral students through years of research and doubt; a professor's longest-lasting output is usually people, not papers.

Grant-winning & academic politics

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一天的样子

Writing before the inboxTeaching blockSeminar over lunchSupervision, lab or archiveThe committee hoursReading, marking and rest 036912151821 24h
  1. 7–9 Writing before the inbox

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  2. 9–12 Teaching block

    A lecture to a hundred first-years or a seminar with twelve doctoral students, plus the office hour after — the profession's public, timetabled core.

  3. 12–13 Seminar over lunch

    The departmental research seminar: a visiting speaker, a sandwich, and the week's one guaranteed dose of ideas from outside one's own project.

  4. 13–16 Supervision, lab or archive

    One-to-one meetings with thesis students, a walk through the lab to unstick experiments, or — in the humanities — the professor's own turn among the sources.

  5. 16–18 The committee hours

    技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

  6. 18–7 Reading, marking and rest

    技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

门道

从业者真正口耳相传的技艺——不是鸡汤。

01

Write daily, briefly, on schedule

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。
02

Stop lecturing; make them convince each other

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Eric Mazur, Harvard University, Peer Instruction: A User's Manual (1997)
03

Work on important problems, with the door open

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Richard Hamming, "You and Your Research," Bell Communications Research, 1986
04

Prepare by explaining, not rereading

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Richard Feynman, as recounted by Caltech colleague David L. Goodstein in Feynman's Lost Lecture (1996)
05

Write the aims page first, then circulate it

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NIH grant-writing convention, institutionalized by US university research-development offices
06

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

Mathematical teaching tradition; documented in the chalk-talk culture of mathematics departments worldwide

行当的工具

Chalk and the blackboard

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LaTeX

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Reference manager

技术要点仅用本语言书写。只保留载荷、结构、效率与安全的核心,不夹杂英文句子。

The learning management system

Moodle, Canvas or Blackboard — the course's administrative chassis: syllabus, readings, submissions, grades and announcements. Unglamorous, universally grumbled about, and now as central to teaching as the lecture hall itself.

Bibliographic databases

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人如何在此失败

The perfection stall

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Drowning in service and teaching

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The sunk-cost postdoc treadmill

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