Darker cells mean a higher score for this topic on that metric.
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Quick answers
Does this atlas rank groups by IQ, race or nation?
No. Pathways and evidence stay individual. Scores are browsing aids — never group biological or racial ranks.
Did Gardner refute g?
He argued g was too narrow for a human-worth story. He did not make the intercorrelations among tests disappear. Spearman’s positive manifold remains a psychometric fact.
What did Waterhouse 2006 argue?
That MI lacks the cognitive-neuroscience and psychometric support a new theory of intelligence would need, and that schools adopted it ahead of the evidence.
What did Visser, Ashton and Vernon 2006 find?
Tasks written to tap Gardner’s intelligences still loaded on general and broad factors rather than eight independent IQs.
Is MI the same as learning styles?
Gardner has rejected the popular “teach to visual/auditory styles” version. MI is about domains of competence, not preferred input channels — though schools often mash the two.
Why do teachers still like it?
It licenses music, movement and social work as serious. That institutional use can be good even if the psychometrics are thin.
The people below are a history set for multiple intelligences, diverse in country and gender, not a league table.
Years and countries are real. “Why” is a file label, not a rank. No group IQ story is licensed by any of these lives.
Exemplars
- Howard Gardner 1943– · United States
Proposed MI Frames of Mind (1983). Best read as a school taxonomy with philosophical criteria, not as eight thermometers.
- Lynn Waterhouse 1940s– · United States
2006 critique Argued MI had not met the evidence required of an intelligence theory.
- Beth A. Visser 1970s– · Canada
Measurement study With Ashton and Vernon, showed MI-styled tasks still organised by general and broad factors.
- Charles Spearman 1863–1945 · United Kingdom
Positive manifold The psychometric fact MI is often used to dodge.
- L. L. Thurstone 1887–1955 · United States
Primary Mental Abilities Earlier official pluralism inside factor analysis.
- Raymond Cattell 1905–1998 · United Kingdom / United States
Gf/Gc Hierarchical multiple abilities that still admit general variance.
- Robert Sternberg 1949– · United States
Triarchic model A different multi-part alternative, more test-oriented than Gardner.
- Jie-Qi Chen 1950s– · China / United States
Spectrum / early MI practice Classroom assessment work in the Project Zero orbit.
Multiple intelligences: eight lives, not a ranking. Read them as files, not as a hierarchy of peoples.
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