Hanahoe
Secret officers' club of Chun, Roh and others -- the faction. A faction or legal office in the 12 December 1979 coup file -- past politics, not a present directory.
Darker cells mean a higher score for this topic on that metric.
Scale18
Intensity42
Duration28
Tech shift12
Political impact52
Cultural memory44
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Last reviewed Sources & creditsMedia creditsMethodology
Quick answers
Are the scores a ranking of nations or armies?
No. Scores are browsing aids inside an era-bounded atlas — not live league tables of countries.
How many died on 12.12?
Shooting in Seoul that night was limited; it was not a battle like 1950. The large death ledger is Gwangju in May 1980 -- hundreds in official counts, higher in civic estimates.
Who was Hanahoe?
A secret fraternity of officers, many from the 11th class of the Korea Military Academy, including Chun and Roh Tae-woo. It operated inside the formal army.
What was 10.26?
The 26 October 1979 assassination of President Park by Kim Jae-gyu, his intelligence chief -- the vacuum 12.12 filled.
How does Gwangju connect?
17 May 1980 expanded the new military's control; Gwangju resisted and was crushed. 12.12 is the December preface to May.
Were Chun and Roh tried?
Yes, in the mid-1990s, for mutiny and for Gwangju. Sentences were later remitted -- a legal and political afterlife.
DSC, Hanahoe networks, 9th Division and other units that moved versus the formal Army HQ under Jeong -- a historical faction map. Not a present ROK ORBAT.
USFK/CFC as an alliance context, not as the author of the night.
Systems
10.26
26 October 1979 assassination of Park Chung-hee.
DSC
Defense Security Command -- Chun's institutional base.
Chun Doo-hwan as centre
The centre of 12.12 and of the Fifth Republic. Convicted in the 1990s; a contested death-and-memory figure after 2021.
Jeong Seung-hwa as legal object
The legal army head arrested on 12.12 -- the coup's immediate object.
Civilian / alliance context
John A. Wickham Jr. (USFK commander): The named US general in later arguments about what Washington knew -- a source in alliance history, not a coup commander. Named as history, not as a remote-control cartoon.
Meters
Geographic / demographic scale
18
Peak political violence
42
How long it defined a period
28
Tech or method shift
12
Borders, regimes, law, alliances
52
Film, school, ritual density
44
Hotspots
Vacuum
26 Oct-11 Dec 1979: Assassination; investigation politics. Named as historical geography of 12 December 1979 coup, not as a targeting list.
The night
12 Dec 1979: Hanahoe seizes the army centre. Named as historical geography of 12 December 1979 coup, not as a targeting list.
Gwangju
May 1980: The civic sequel. Named as historical geography of 12 December 1979 coup, not as a targeting list.
Fifth Republic
1980-87: Chun years; 1987 break. Named as historical geography of 12 December 1979 coup, not as a targeting list.
Trials and film
1995-: Legal and cultural afterlife. Named as historical geography of 12 December 1979 coup, not as a targeting list.
Materials
Chronology (12 December 1979 (night of the seizure; 17 May 1980 and Gwangju follow))
12 December 1979 coup is bounded as 12 December 1979 (night of the seizure; 17 May 1980 and Gwangju follow). 1979-10-26 opens the usual narrative (Park assassinated); 2010s-20s closes it (Cinema / civic memory).
Theatre: Seoul: Army HQ, Hanahoe networks, after Park Ch.
Place is evidence. Seoul: Army HQ, Hanahoe networks, after Park Chung-hee's assassination is where 12 December 1979 coup happened -- a map for readers, not a guide for repeating it.
Human-cost band
limited shooting in Seoul on 12.12; Gwangju May 1980 dead in the hundreds (official and higher civic estimates) -- a sequel ledger Keep the figure as a range. Spectacle integers are not a census.
12.12
The night Jeong Seung-hwa was seized. A material of the 12 December 1979 coup vocabulary, dated to 12 December 1979 (night of the seizure; 17 May 1980 and Gwangju follow).
No street-by-street movement guide. Dates and institutions only.
Secret officer clubs are named as a past pathology.