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🛡️Methods

PTSD · Trauma memory, hyperarousal and avoidance — how threat learning overgeneralises and how evidence-based care supports recovery.

Reviewed 2026-08·Sources & research·Methodology·Media credits

At a glance
Score intensity

Darker cells mean a higher score for this topic on that metric.

Last reviewed Sources & creditsMedia creditsMethodology

Quick answers

Where should I start with PTSD?

Read Overview → Anatomy → Function, then use compare rails.

Is this page advice for PTSD?

Educational atlas — not a diagnosis, treatment plan, or medical advice.

What does the local lens add?

It names everyday desks for Disorders before English norms look universal.

Are the scores a ranking of PTSD?

No — editorial 0–100 browsing aids inside this atlas only.

How do I compare PTSD to neighbours?

Use related cards and best-of / quiz rails after the first three chapters.

Which chapter is densest?

Anatomy and Function carry mechanisms; skim Overview first.

Start with this section - Methods

PTSD
PTSDUser Washington irving on en.wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Methods include structured interviews, psychophysiology, imaging, genetics and randomised trials of trauma-focused therapies.

Educational neuroscience context only — not medical advice, diagnosis or a substitute for emergency or clinical care. If you are in crisis, seek local emergency services or a licensed clinician.

Tools

CAPS / structured interview

Gold-standard symptom assessment.

PCL and screening scales

Progress tracking — not standalone diagnosis.

Fear conditioning / extinction

Mechanistic probes of threat learning.

fMRI / MEG

Map amygdala–PFC–hippocampus dynamics.

Psychophysiology (startle, SCR)

Quantify hyperarousal objectively.

Treatment RCTs / meta-analyses

Evidence base for trauma-focused care.

Protocols

Prolonged exposure protocols

Therapist-guided, graded, monitored.

Cognitive processing therapy trials

Target stuck points in trauma meaning.

Waitlist / active-control designs

Separate nonspecific factors from mechanisms.

Longitudinal resilience cohorts

Track who recovers without full PTSD.

Limits

Heterogeneous trauma types

Combat ≠ assault ≠ disaster biologically or socially.

Imaging non-specificity

Overlaps with anxiety and depression circuitry.

Underreporting & stigma

Many never seek care despite impairment.

Online quizzes are not diagnoses; DIY exposure is not treatment.

Sources & research

  1. Post-traumatic stress disorderYehuda R; et al. · 2015 · Nature Reviews Disease PrimersPrimer on PTSD mechanisms and care.DOI
  2. Biological studies of post-traumatic stress disorderPitman RK; et al. · 2012 · Nature Reviews NeuroscienceBiological synthesis of PTSD findings.DOI
  3. Post-Traumatic Stress DisorderShalev A; et al. · 2017 · New England Journal of MedicineClinical review of PTSD.DOI

Media credits

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