Family-size clue
Strachan's 1989 paper used birth-order and sibship as a proxy for early infections.
Hygiene and balance — Clean water saves lives; missing old microbial partners is a separate, still-debated immune story.
Darker cells mean a higher score for this topic on that metric.
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Last reviewed Sources & creditsMedia creditsMethodology
Read Identity → How they live → Body & health, then use compare rails.
Public-health education — not a care plan, prescription, or outbreak briefing.
It names everyday desks for Change & defence before English norms look universal.
No — editorial 0–100 browsing aids inside this atlas only.
Use related cards and best-of / quiz rails after the first three chapters.
How they live and Body & health carry mechanisms; skim Identity first.
Identity is a correction to advertising: sterile is not the same as healthy, and filthy is not the same as wise.
The hypothesis has been revised toward microbial diversity and regulatory training, sometimes called Old Friends.

Strachan's 1989 paper used birth-order and sibship as a proxy for early infections.
Rook shifted the focus from childhood infections to organisms that were ordinary for millennia.
Filtration and chlorination crushed waterborne killers. That is not the exposure anyone should restore.
A narrow indoor microbiome plus antibiotics can be a different story from playing in safe green space.
The hoped-for mechanism is better-trained regulatory T cells, not a tougher person in a moral sense.
Seeking infection on purpose is not the lesson. Neither is skipping vaccines.
Clean water stays on the pedestal. The question is which exposures we lost that once calibrated immunity.
Populations of genomes, not cartoon villains — RNA viruses copy sloppily, and public-health names track clusters that spread.
Familiarity 92A shared drug budget under selection in hospitals, farms and wastewater — stewardship, not a lab manual.
Familiarity 85Antibodies, memory cells and community arithmetic — conceptual, not a prescription and not an anti-vaccine tract.
Familiarity 94Surface cities of microbes — plaque and catheters explain persistence, without a grow-your-own kit.
Familiarity 38Sideways DNA traffic — conjugation, transduction, transformation as names and history, not protocols.
Familiarity 45